The last gasps of the easy money experiment

On May 12 William White was interviewed by Brent Johnson of Santiago Capital on Real Vision. White spoke about the limitations of both monetary and fiscal policies going forward, and the need for countries to improve the capacity of the institutional framework to cope with a potentially sharp  increase in debt restructurings. In the wide ranging conversation, attention was also drawn to increasing constraints on central bank “independence” and some inherent flaws in the International Monetary (Non) System.

https://rvtv.io/365xDbl

 

 

 

 

Posted by williamw in Interviews, Press

Coronavirus and the bursting of the everything bubble

On 22 April, William White participated in a panel organized by the American Enterprise Institute in Washington. Other participants were Tobias Adrian (IMF), Jeffrey Frankel (Harvard University) and Desmond Lachman (AEI).  In addition to responding to various questions posed by the moderator, Alex Pollock, Mr. White led a discussion on how debt accumulation increases the exposure of the economy to exogenous shocks – like the coronavirus. While the current response of  monetary and fiscal stimulus is appropriate, both policies serve to raise debt levels even further. Significantly more attention needs to be paid to judicial and administrative procedures for restructuring debt, both private and public, in order to avoid more disorderly and costly outcomes.

https://www.aei.org/events/webinar-coronavirus-and-the-bursting-of-the-everything-bubble/

 

 

Posted by williamw in Presentations

How long should lockdown measures to fight covid-19 continue?

This article was published on 22 April 2020 in “The Market” a Swiss digital business paper associated with NZZ. It argues that governments need to clarify the criteria they will use to determine when to relax the current “lockdown”, which is helping to save lives (by taking the pressure off hospitals), but also has enormous economic (lost jobs)  and social costs. “Flattening the curve” by social distancing should be complemented as soon as possible by all the government expenditures (and legislation) needed to allow the hospitals to cope. Then, social distancing, with all its costs, can be relaxed. Much improved antigen and antibody testing will also support earlier relaxation.

https://themarket.ch/meinung/how-long-should-lockdown-measures-to-fight-covid-19-continue-ld.1915

Posted by williamw in Articles, Press

To what extent will the global role of the US Dollar have changed a decade from now?

William White, together with a number of other economists, answered this question in a submission to the Winter 2020 edition of “The International Economy”.  White notes that the current dollar based regime is decidedly sub optimal, not least because it has no nominal anchor and no reliable lender of last resort, and it needs to be replaced. While there is currently no political appetite to engage in such discussions, the next serious crisis in the global financial system might change this. White suggests that a crucial exposure today is  the massive reliance on short term dollar funding faced by many non US financial institutions. Should this trigger other problems, it might lead to a broader discussion of the shortcomings of the current International Monetary (Non) System.

InternationalEconomyDollarSurvivalWinter2020
Posted by williamw in Publications

Why central bankers should be humble

This article appeared in the Winter 2020 edition of “The International Economy”. White argues that there is a fundamental intertemporal inconsistency in the repeated use of monetary easing by advanced countries to stimulate aggregate demand. This arises from the fact that monetary stimulus encourages the buildup of debt which eventually strangles further spending.  Moreover, such stimulus in the advanced economies has undesirable side effects. It threatens financial instability, has negative effects on productivity growth and can seriously injure emerging market economies as well. Looking forward, there should be greater reliance on fiscal expansion in response to economic downturns, complemented by stronger fiscal contractions in upturns. Improvements are urgently needed in administrative and judicial procedures for debt restructuring, both private and public.

InternationalEconomyUEMPWinter2020pdf
Posted by williamw in Publications

Economic impact of the coronovirus crisis and the G 20 response

On 9 April 2020 William White participated in a webinar panel organized by OMFIF and chaired by their chief economist, Danae Kyriakopoulou. The other panelists were David Marsh and Mark Sobel. In his comments, White commended national governments and central banks for their speedy response to the crisis, but also noted the almost total absence of a coordinated G20 response. He was also concerned that forecasts of a speedy rebound would prove too optimistic, and that there seemed to be no internationally agreed criteria for deciding when social distancing, with its heavy economic and social costs, might be lifted.

http://www.omfif.org/events/covid-19-consequences-economic-impact-and-g20-response/

Posted by williamw in Interviews, Press

One must react intelligently to the crisis – not only quickly

Christof  Leisinger of the Neue Zurcher Zeitung interviewed William White, and the results were published in German on 1 April 2020 (a translation follows). Mr White welcomed the swift easing of fiscal and monetary policy to support the economy, in the face of the epidemic, but cautioned that measures should be targeted in order to increase effectiveness and reduce moral hazard. He also stressed that, pre-crisis, the global economy was already exposed to a prospective deep downturn because of the buildup of debt and various financial imbalances.  Since the policies being followed at the moment are essentially “more of the same”, thought must be given to more sustainable policies in the future. Reforms to the International Monetary (Non) System should rise further up the policy agenda.

ChristofNZZAspublished
ChristofNZZ1April2020

 

 

Posted by williamw in Interviews, Press

Economic globalisation and the need for international cooperation

This presentation by William White was made in 2012, but has only recently been written up. The presentation began by noting the good and bad aspects of economic globalization, and the challenges it posed for policymakers. It then went on to discuss why international cooperation was required to meet those challenges, and to identify the various factors that were likely to impede that cooperation. Some eight years later, most of the reflections in the paper seem as pertinent as ever. Indeed, in light of the Covid-19 crisis, perhaps even more so.

 

StGallenPDF

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Posted by williamw in Presentations

The recession and the pandemic: cause or trigger?

William White wrote an Intelligence Memo for the C D Howe Institute on 26 March 2020. He notes that the pandemic has certainly caused a recession, hopefully one followed by a “V” shape recovery, but it might also trigger a deeper and more prolonged downturn. In recent decades, global monetary policy has focused too much on short term effects and too little on the longer term consequences – like the continued build up of debt. Macroeconomic policies designed to support the economy in the face of the pandemic should balance off “urgency” with longer run “effectiveness”.

cdhoweIntelligenceMemo
Posted by williamw in Articles, Press

“Take a thought for the morrow” (Matthew 6:34)

This article was published as an OMFIF Commentary on 23 March. It expresses concern that the recession sparked by the pandemic might turn into something deeper and more long lasting.  While recognizing the associated need for policy to lean urgently against the current slowdown, to support a “V” shaped recovery, White notes that some ways of doing so are more effective than others. Policy choices should also “take a thought for the morrow” so as to avoid unintended longer term consequences.

 

OMFIFCOVID-19.docxPDF
Posted by williamw in Articles, Press